This PedsCases Note provides a one-page infographic on Hypokalemia. Hypokalemia is defined as a serum potassium level below the normal range for age, typically <3.5 mmol/L. It was created by Alyssa Wilkins (Medical Student, University of Alberta) with the help of Dr. Damien Noone (Pediatric Nephrologist, University of Alberta). 

Click on the Image below for a full screen PDF

Related Content:

• Podcast: Dehydration in Children
• Podcast: Disorders of Sodium Balance

References:

1. Somers, M. J. (2025, June 22). Hypokalemia in children. UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hypokalemia-in-children
2. Brown, D. H., & Paloian, N. J. (2023). Hypokalemia/hyperkalemia and hyponatremia/hypernatremia. Pediatrics in Review, 44(7), 349–362.
3. Daly, K., & Farrington, E. (2013). Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia in infants and children: Pathophysiology and treatment. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 27(6), 486–496.
4. Zieg, J., Ghose, S., & Raina, R. (2024). Electrolyte disorders related emergencies in children. BMC Nephrology, 25(1), 282.
5. Khan, U., Afzal, U., Kask, L., Saeed, N., Rajani, R., Solheim, E., & Saeed, S. (2024). “Ion-flux”: The natural course of ECG changes in severe hypokalemia. Current Problems in Cardiology, 49(1), 102158.

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose by the authors.