This PedsCases Note provides a one-page infographic on the clinical presentation, investigations, and management of the common causes of scrotal pain including testicular torsion, epididymitis, torsed appendix testis, and incarcerated inguinal hernia. It was created by Sarah Park, a medical student at the University of Alberta, in collaboration with Dr. Peter Metcalfe and Dr. Mark Assmus, urologists at the University of Alberta and Indiana University respectively.

Click on the image below for the full-screen PDF handout.

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References

1. Boettcher M, Bergholz R, Krebs TF, Wenke K, Treszl A, Aronson DC, Reinshagen K. Differentiation of epididymitis and appendix testis torsion by clinical and ultrasound signs in children. Urology. 2013 Oct;82(4):899-904. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2013.04.004. Epub 2013 Jun 2. PMID: 23735611.
2. Kadish HA, Bolte RG. A retrospective review of pediatric patients with epididymitis, testicular torsion, and torsion of testicular appendages. Pediatrics. 1998 Jul;102(1 Pt 1):73-6. doi: 10.1542/peds.102.1.73. PMID: 9651416.